Drenagem urbana: estudo de caso em relação ao aumento do escoamento superficial em cruzamento no município de Paraisópolis – MG

Abstract

The lack of planning in urban centers causes several problems, one of which is related to urban drainage. The present work aims to analyze the urban drainage of the city of Paraisópolis - MG, in the region of the intersection between Rua Capitão Antônio Augusto de Almeida with Avenida Avelina Ribeiro and Travessa Arnóbio Dantas, due to the increase in surface runoff. The analysis consisted of delimiting the drainage basin that affects the crossing using the QGIS® software; to determine the runoff coefficient, based on the critical street adopted as a parameter for comparison with the basin; to compare the increase in surface runoff volume for each pavement replacement, through the calculation of the flow, based on the values obtained from the runoff coefficient; and propose an alternative solution to the problem, applying sustainable drainage. In addition, a verification of the distances from the positioning of the storm drains was also carried out in order to assess whether the capture of rainwater by the urban hydraulic system is done properly. The results obtained demonstrate that as the pavement replacements were implemented, the values of the runoff coefficient was increased due to the type of material, consequently increasing the flow values. It was found that the flow of surface runoff between the cobblestone and hexagonal paver block increased by 30% and from the cobblestone to the asphalt 38%. In addition, it was found that at least 9 storm drains should be inserted into the critical street to respect the 60 meter distance limit between them, verifying that there is a failure to capture rainwater. Finally, sustainable techniques were proposed based on the detention and/or retention reservoir along the course of the streams to solve the problem.