Análise geral do pangenoma de Setosphaeria spp. com enfoque nos genes de patogenicidade

Abstract

Widely known as the pathogen responsible for helminthosporiasis in several plant crops, Setosphaeria turcica is responsible for economic losses of up to 40% in different plantations. Although the genus Setosphaeria is traditionally composed of phytopathogens, recent reports point to the possibility of pathogenicity in cats and humans. Among the objectives of this work are the pangenomic analysis and the understanding of the virulence and pathogenicity factors associated with this organism. The sequences were obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information database, for genome annotation the genSAS program (V.6.0) was used, a platform that provides a pipeline for structural and functional annotation of the entire genome for eukaryotes and prokaryotes with a variety of tools for repeat masking, gene model prediction, and other features. FastANI and OrthoVenn2 (V.2) programs were used to generate data and images related to the pangenomic analysis. Five different strains of S. rostratum and S. turcica were analyzed, among which only three could be added to the functional annotation pipeline, as they did not have the requirements of less than 25,000 total sequences and more than 50% of the sequences containing more than 2,500 bases. The results showed that only the strain of the S. rostratum organism had about 6% of its clusters associated with lipid metabolic processes and 17% for the processing of macromolecules, often associated with the host penetration mechanism. The same strain showed seven clusters related to pathogenesis, which when investigated proved to be proteins potentially associated with cytochrome p450, thioredoxin reductase and proteins similar to those of other phytopathogens. Genes encoding these proteins are linked to the production of mycotoxins of the fumonisin class, whose prolonged ingestion can cause esophageal carcinogenesis in humans. The present study highlights the lack of information and the importance of new sequencing of different strains of this organism, as well as the importance of investigating the different genes for infection in different hosts.