Uso de lodo têxtil como substrato para a produção de mudas de erva-mate

Abstract

The production of clothes is one of the oldest arts exercised by human beings, in which for a long time dyes, even if natural, have been used to dye fabrics. Dyes are widely used today, but in general the textile industry started to adopt them in the form of chemicals. In view of population growth and consequently the increase in consumption of clothing, large-scale production, the emergence of chemical dyes and other compounds used in the textile industry, there was a significant increase in the production of waste, both solid and liquid. In order to minimize the environmental impacts from the generation of textile effluent to the preparation of the sludge, this work aimed to verify the efficiency of using the sludge from the textile industry as a substrate in the development of yerba mate seedlings. Seedlings were planted at four different levels in the percentages of 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% of textile sludge and for comparative purposes using 100% of a commercial substrate in one of the treatments. Phytomorphological analyzes were analyzed to monitor the development of seedlings and physical-applied analyzes to characterize the textile sludge. For the parameters of total height of seedlings and stem diameter, a statistically similar development can be observed between the treatment with the highest concentration of textile sludge (30%) and the treatment that used 100% of commercial substrate. Some factors such as the size of the sludge particles may have influenced the decrease in porosity and increase in porosity, and the compaction of the soil may have an outcome, hindering the development of seedlings. For future studies, studies related to the presence of pathogenic microorganisms and the absorption of toxic compounds in the leaves of the plant can be carried out, as well as studies on the final destination of the sludge in the soil, the reduction of costs with the treatment of this residue.