Os desdobramentos teóricos e práticos do desenvolvimento de subprojetos Pibid na formação inicial de professores de ciências biológicas no estado do Paraná

Abstract

The thesis presented addresses the theme of the initial training of Biological Science teachers, more specifically how the practical and theoretical unfolding of the subprojects development that integrate the Institutional Program of Scholarship for Beginners Teachers - Pibid in Paraná state - took place. This program aims to reach the perspective of the teacher’s work to promote the interaction of knowledge between the university context and the school context, being limited by structural principles that bring new possibilities which can break up with the hegemonic model of the initial training. The main objective was to analyze the conceptual foundations enclosed in the Pibid subprojects and the impacts of the practices developed for the teacher’s initial training. In order to do that, we used a qualitative research in which the analysis of the content was adopted as an interpretative possibility of eight participating subprojects of the program at higher public teaching institutions. Besides that, the reports of the referred subprojects were also used as instrument of data collection, just like a semi-structured interview. As main results, we point out: a) the proposed actions in the subprojects promoted the development of typical extension, research and teaching activities; b) in relation to the conceptual foundations enclosed in the subprojects, these were structured from some education based more on the world reality of professional work with a relative frequency of 75%. These conceptual foundations also promoted the development of knowledge and professional teaching strategies from some knowledge socially situated and locally built with a relative frequency of 78%. The knowledge and the professional teaching strategies mentioned were developed from an indissociability relationship between the theoretical and practical knowledge with a relative frequency of 46%. This one, however, was presented from a dichotomous relationship in another 46% of the cases. Besides the results presented, the proposed actions in the analyzed subprojects privileged the building of curricular, disciplinary, and professional knowledge and of a specific knowledge too, which took place from the proposed actions that was the know-how of practicing the academic research. In this context, we can also mention the results of our research the following items: c) the developed educational practices confirmed the development of the different types of teaching knowledge initially described in the actions, adding them to the development of teaching experiential knowledge; d) the conceptual foundations enclosed in the subprojects, in most of cases, were connected to the principles of the advisers, originally proposed for the national program Pibid/DEB/CAPES; e) the proposed product allowed to systematize and determine the main aspects that guide a determined model of initial education and opens possibilities for the analysis of other subprojects. We conclude the research problem was answered throughout the results obtained that, in turn, were oriented based on the objectives initially proposed, being possible to infer that the conceptual foundations and the educational practices developed are, in large part, in accordance with the Pibid principles. These, for their part - when considering the theoretical perspectives that reflect the educational vision in a teaching professionalization way - are directed to an emerging model, presenting many examples of how this perspective can be incorporated by the degree courses.