Demandas cognitivas de problemas com números decimais: um estudo com alunos de 5º ano do ensino fundamental

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the cognitive demands of problems involving Decimal Numbers, proposed to 5th grade elementary school students. This is a qualitative research, whose participants were 18 students from a municipal school, located in the north of Paraná. The data were obtained through a research instrument containing three problems involving operations with decimal numbers and the transcription of the audios collected from the groups, as well as the researcher's notes. The data analysis makes a relationship between the cognitive demands of the proposed problems and the data produced. The results showed that the cognitive demands of the problems presented to the students were, for the most part, of a high cognitive level. It is possible to highlight the importance of the teacher in his role as a mediator, which enabled the development of these levels. The Educational Product resulting from this Professional Master's Degree is an e-book for teachers, with guidelines and discussions about the problems worked on in relation to cognitive demands. The use of Problem Solving as a methodology enriched the communication between the students and the researcher and made it possible to maintain high levels of cognitive demand of the problems.