Estratégias de mobilidade de renda e patrimônio da agricultura familiar

Abstract

This thesis analyzes a panel survey with 94 family farmers for a decade, and concludes about the relationship between production strategies and the (in)mobility of their income and wealth. This research seeks to fill the empirical gap of studies on income and wealth mobility in Brazil by answering the question about which livelihood strategies result in greater (or lesser) success in income and wealth mobility over time! Therefore, the objective of the research was to analyze the livelihood strategies that provide mobility of income and wealth of family farmers in Itapejara D'Oeste/PR in the years 2005, 2010 and 2015. Methodologically, it was decided to carry out a systematic review of the literature using the ProKnow-C method. And to evaluate the mobility of income and wealth of families, descriptive statistics, transition matrix, t test and fixed effect model for panel data were used. As a result, the transition matrices of total income and equity indicated a greater concentration of agricultural activities and a higher level of assets in the trajectories that grew in the terciles. In this case, the production of grains, mainly soybeans, played a prominent role in income growth trajectories, a scenario also observed in those who grew in equity. Inferential models indicate that income mobility is more strongly influenced by social, physical and financial capital, external income and by greater efficiency in the use of production factors (technology). From the point of view of wealth mobility, a great influence of human and financial capital was noticed, the latter being directly related to agricultural income, mainly arising from the production of grains. Finally, this study revealed the need for public policies that strengthen the human, social and physical capital of the rural environment in order to expand opportunities for the emancipation of income and wealth of a greater number of rural families.