Aplicação de elementos da educação CTSA para a promoção da alimentação saudável e a redução do desperdício em uma unidade escolar

Abstract

This research has as main theme the promotion of healthy eating that was motivated mainly by the observation of the waste of cooked food that occurred in a school unit in the city of Curitiba. In the first stage of the research, which was aimed at verifying the impact of food waste in the school unit, an investigation of a quantitative nature was carried out. In the second stage of the research, in which pedagogical practices aimed at promoting healthy eating were applied, it was structured using the intervention research method elaborated with the parameters of CTSA Education such as: Contextualization; Interdisciplinarity; Nature of Science and Technology; Dialogicity; Problematization; and Decision making. Were proposed in the CTSA relations between 15 themes for Science, 20 for Technology, 15 for Society and 25 for Environment that were proposed in the development of 10 pedagogical strategies. After the application of the 10 pedagogical practices focused on the theme of healthy eating, questionnaires and interviews were applied with the teachers and pedagogues connected to the class in which the pedagogical practices in question were carried out and with the professionals who serve the food. These same tools were applied to 4th grade students (n=23) of elementary school in the early years at school who also had texts produced. The data obtained through the questionnaires, interviews and texts produced were analyzed using Discursive Analysis (AD). Through discourse analysis, six subcategories were identified that stood out: Sharing knowledge (83%); Acquired knowledge (69.5%); Social commitments (69.5%); Investigation (40%), which were the subcategories that are close to the CTS beacon elements; and the subcategories Sustainability and Health (60%) approached the perspective of Environmental Education, which would represent the A of the CTSA. The result of the analysis of the speech presented by the students, demonstrated the change in attitude towards food waste, which reduced from 50 kg wasted per day to 5 kg. Regarding the topic of healthy eating, after the application of the pedagogical strategies, it was observed, as a consequence, the best use of the food offered by the institution, and the whole movement that the CTSA relations provoked was the opportunity to exercise citizenship in the school context that resulted in a new structure with the possibility for students to serve themselves at the buffet. In the essays carried out for the theme healthy eating among the CTSA themes, it was possible to observe in the discourse analysis that the themes focused on Society stood out with 80%, followed by Technology with 70% and Environment with 64%, with Sciences presenting 40%, being the lowest frequency. The Educational Product related to the dissertation was the development of a notebook of activities that guide the development of teachers' pedagogical practices, indicating the CTSA relationships to address the issue of food waste and healthy eating.