Plantas espontâneas com potencial ornamental e medicinal em lavouras de soja e milho nas regiões sudoeste e centro-sul do Paraná

Abstract

Spontaneous plants are plants that grow where they aren’t wanted and can have a huge impact on agricultural production by interfering in the development of the crop being produced. However, these plants can contain great benefits in medicinal and ornamental areas. Among the weed species, there are plants with great ornamental potential, that can be used in parks, gardens and homes to make the environment very cozy and beautiful visually. Furthermore, there are also species with medicinal potential, which contain substances that can be therapeutic or precursors in the synthesis of medicines and such as containing active principles to combat diseases. However, there are few studies that can map and define the use of these plants in medicinal and ornamental areas, so the objective was to make a study for evaluating seven species of invasive plants by exploring their ornamental and medicinal potential. The experiment was made from a survey of seven species of spontaneous plants: caruru (Amaranthus spp.), dandelion (Taraxacum officinale), maria-mole (Senecio brasiliensis), false-serralha (Emilia sonchifolia), (Commelina benghalensis), viola (Ipomoea spp.) and purslane (Portulaca oleracea), through a questionnaire developed with three farmers in the municipalities of Pato Branco, Vitorino and Pinhão - PR, in order to identify the level of incidence of these species, as well as the main products used for control and especially. Data were submitted to non-parametric analysis and exposed through tables. It was concluded that the three main weed species with ornamental and medicinal potential present in crops in the Southwest and Central Sul of Paraná, are the ragweed, the caruru and the viola cord, also, the producers do not have knowledge about the ornamental and medicinal potential in any of the species cited species.