Ontogenia e desempenho de cultivares de soja em função dos grupos de maturidade relativa (GMR)

Abstract

The productive potential of soybean may vary depending on the different groups of relative maturity (GMR), and the shorter the cycle, the more factors affecting the environment, such as cultivars, due to the reduction of days between the different stages of development. Longer-cycle cultivars have greater plasticity, and, therefore, may have greater productive potential in broad edaphoclimatic conditions. The ain of this work was to evaluate the influence of duration, in days, between the development stages of soybean cultivars of different GMR on the harvest index and crop performance, in two crops. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Station of the Federal Technological University of Paraná - Campus Dois Vizinhos, in the 2017/18 and 2018/19 seasons. For that, 36 contrasting genotypes for GMR were taken in the field. The interval between the development stages was determined between: emergence (VE) - beginning of flowering (R1), R1 - beginning of pod formation (R3), R3 - tactile grain (R5), R5 - physiological maturity (R7) in addition, yield components, harvest index and grain yield were evaluated. The design used was randomized blocks. Data were prepared using analysis of variance, and then Pearson correlation. Regarding the variables analyzed, only in 18/19 led to productivity. Regarding the development stages, cycle and related maturity groups, they only impacted the height and insertion components of the first legume. There is great variability among soybean genotypes regarding the value found for the harvest index in a given environment.