Desenvolvimento de um kit didático experimental para o ensino de resistores, capacitores e circuitos de temporização RC

Abstract

The teaching of physics has undergone numerous transformations in the last decades, much is discussed about the insertion of different didactic resources in the classroom in order to generate a learning environment different from the traditional one, as well as to provide conditions of an effective learning for the student. The traditional system of physics teaching has gradually lost its effectiveness, meaning and even the student's interest in seeking knowledge. The constant conviviality with the media in an inappropriate way has caused an immense loss of time, becoming an unfair opponent against the study, thus leaving little time for learning. In this sense, this work aims to develop a new method with an experimental and investigative proposal, based on Vygotsky's theory, aiming to awaken in the student the interest and the search for knowledge, since it is a main part of the process, and that from their previous knowledge is that the teacher introduces their knowledge, providing better interaction between teacher and student, and also fostering cognitive and social development in the school environment. The developed experimental teaching kit becomes a valuable tool that allows the teacher to work a different method where he can relate the theoretical part to the practical part, allowing the kit to work the contents of resistors and capacitors completely, so that the student will be more interested. The technology used for the development of the kit was the Arduino development platform which is composed of a microcontroller and peripherals, due to the easy access to available didactic material, allowing the easy reproduction of the prototype in the future by people with little knowledge in the area and being a open-source platform. This developed product is in line with the inclusion policies proposed by governments, which aims to include people with special educational needs in society. With this in mind, this idea contributes to and supports students with hearing or visual impairments, as well as other students of regular or even higher education, who need to study the content covered here.