Efeito da aplicação de um condicionador de solo inoculado com microrganismos no crescimento vegetal e na atividade de β-glicosidase

Abstract

Organic soil conditioners are responsible for improving the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil, being an alternative to reduce the impacts caused by management techniques, contributing to greater soil quality and productivity in the field. Associated with microorganisms, they can bring even greater benefits to plant development, as they can produce compounds that accelerate plant development, such as hormones, enzymes, and contribute to resistance to pathogens. One way to evaluate the benefits generated by the use of conditioners and/or plant growth promoting microorganisms is through the analysis of the enzymatic activity of the soil, due to its high sensitivity to changes in the environment and correlation with the metabolism of the microbiota, providing information about the soil quality. Thus, the present work proposes the application of an organic soil conditioner inoculated with Bacillus in corn seeds and in soil, with the objective of evaluating its effect on the enzymatic activity of β-glucosidase and its effect on corn growth in the early stages of development. The experiments were carried out under controlled conditions, with the application of the soil conditioner inoculated to maize seeds in five increasing doses and its application directly to the soil in five increasing doses, with plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), root length (RL), shoot dry mass (SDM), root dry mass (RDM) and β-glucosidase enzyme activity being evaluated at the end of 14 days. The application of soil conditioner inoculated with microorganisms in seeds showed promising results in plant development, positively influencing SD and RL. The enzymatic activity of β-glucosidase showed an increase in treatments T2 and T5, when compared to treatment T1 that did not contain the presence of the conditioner. Regarding the treatment in the soil, the parameters positively influenced by the use of the inoculated conditioner were the RL and RDM. The β-glucosidase enzymatic activity also showed an increase when compared to the T6 treatment. According to the results, it is suggested then that the initial development of plants is more favored by applying a soil conditioner inoculated with Bacillus in the seeds. However, in relation to the enzymatic activity of β-glucosidase, the best results were obtained using the conditioner inoculated directly into the soil.