Avaliação de atividade antioxidante de própolis da região oeste do Paraná sob diferentes solventes extratores

Abstract

Natural products have been widely explored, where we can highlight propolis, a material produced by bees that involves resinous substances, gummy and balsamic material, which has several applications in the pharmaceutical and food area because of its antimicrobial, antiinflammatory and antioxidant attributes. Based on this, the objective of this study was to compare the antioxidant activity of propolis samples obtained by scraping and tape extracted with different solvents from municipalities in the western region of Paraná. The solvent mixtures ethanol/isopropanol (50:50), ethyl acetate/acetone (27:73) and acetone/ethanol (67:33) were used for extraction. For antioxidant activity determination, radical capture methodologies (ABTS and DPPH) and FRAP as iron reduction method were used, while for total phenolic compounds and flavonoid content were determined by FolinCiocalteau and aluminum chloride, respectively. From the statistical analysis expressed as mean ± standard deviation, it was seen that the form of collection directly influences the antioxidant activity of propolis, since propolis with higher levels of such bioactivities were collected by scraping. It was also evident that the polarity of the solvents also interferes in the antioxidant capacity, since the lowest activities were with ethyl acetate/acetone, solvents with more distinct polarities compared to ethanol/isopropanol with acetone/ethanol. From the correlation analysis, it can be assumed that most phenolic compounds are flavonoids and that the antioxidants act by hydrogen transfer. The results obtained show high levels of antioxidant activities of propolis, ranging from 41.91 ± 0.21 to 1672.53 ± 15.35 μMol ET g1, showing the influence that the method of collection and the extracting solvents have on the bioactivities of propolis. With the results obtained, there is the possibility of encouraging the production and, consequently, adding greater value to this product.