Métodos aplicados no tratamento de efluentes oriundos da indústria farmacêutica: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

The pharmaceutical industry is responsible for the research, formulation and production of substances called drugs, which aim to assist in the treatment, cure and prevention of diseases. As in all industrial sectors, the production of medicines goes through several stages, as a result waste and effluents are generated. The effluents produced have water as a vehicle, used in all stages of production, which has its characteristics changed and needs to be treated for disposal; however, it can be reused in industrial processes. When disposed of incorrectly, waste and effluents cause negative impacts on the environment, economy, and human health. Faced with this theme, the present work presents a study on the stages of production of drugs, the effluents that are generated in each process, the treatment methods used to minimize or eliminate the impacts caused on the environment. Through this literature review, it can be concluded that the effluents generated by the pharmaceutical industry have specific characteristics and particularities that determine which treatment method will be used, since there is no more effective method, but several methods that depend on the effluent.