Diagnóstico ambiental da microbacia do rio Toledo visando a segurança da água de abastecimento público

Abstract

Water catchment basins for public supply require exceptional care on the part of water resource managers, as the quantity and quality of water depend on them, an essential element for the sustainability of life and fundamental for the development of human activities. Therefore, the present article aimed an environmental diagnosis of the stretch of the Toledo River microbasin upstream of the SANEPAR water catchment point, as this source is responsible for supplying about 40% of the city of Toledo. Through the use of SWOT analysis (acronym of the terms: Strengths; Weaknesses; Opportunities; Threats) and the mapping of land use and occupation in the basin, it was possible to identify factors related to management, infrastructure and environment relevant to the interference of water security in the Toledo River. It was verified the predominance of agriculture and livestock as polluting sources, which totals 87% of the use and occupation of the sub-basin’s total area. In addition, 31 factors that affect water security in the studied basin were listed and ranked, with 8 strengths, 6 weaknesses, 7 opportunities and 10 threats.