Ensino de ciências por investigação para professores da educação básica: dificuldades e experiências de sucesso em oficinas pedagógicas

Abstract

The teaching by inquiry has been a potential approach to encourage students to learn science and, in this way, collaborate with the process of scientific initiation of these students. This study aims to investigate how a teacher training course, in the perspective of inquiry teaching of science, can contribute to the pedagogical practice of teachers who work in the workshops of Integral Education schools in the Elementary Years. By means of studies based on publications of the National Research Council - NRC (1996; 2000); Carvalho (1998; 2013); Campos and Nigro (1999); Azevedo (2004); and Delizoicov, Angotti and Pernambuco (2002), delineates the teaching of sciences by inquiry with the pedagogical moments, organized in: study of reality, proposition of the problem, hypothesis raised, interactive activities, systematization of knowledge, application of knowledge and presentation of the inquiry action. In the obtained results, it was verified that the difficulties are related to the behavior of the students regarding to the participation and the involvement in the different pedagogical moments of the teaching by inquiry, and in the experiences of success, the commitment of the teachers in the planning and realization of this approach of teaching was identified. It was noticed that the strategies used were situated in activities centered on the student by valuing their learning and collaborating for their formation. With this, it was possible to re-elaborate the course, which resulted in the educational product called "Didactic-Pedagogical Material from the perspective of Teaching Science by Inquiry for Early Years Teachers", creating spaces for rethinking actions and implementing new practices of teacher training. This study proved to be productive in order to contribute to the planning and organization of other courses. The material elaborated and applied was validated when contemplating meetings in which the pedagogical moments of the teaching of Sciences by inquiry were explored, in the search to provide routes that can be considered in the formation of Basic Education teachers.