Aplicação do fungo endofítico Alternaria alternata para elicitação do metabolismo secundário de Kalanchoe daigremontiana cultivada in vitro

Abstract

Kalanchoe daigremontiana is a succulent whose pharmacological properties have been recognized in recent years due to the accumulation of several types of biologically active secondary metabolites. The in vitro cultivation of plants is a promising alternative for maximizing production, since it is possible to guarantee the cultivation and complement the environment with conditions that stimulate secondary plant metabolism, called plant elicitors. Biological elicitors can be, for example, acquired from endophytic fungi, those that do not live inside plants without harming their hosts. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the incorporation of a hydrolyzed cell concentrate (CHC) of the endophytic fungus Alternaria alternata on the production of secondary metabolites by the medicinal plant K. daigremontiana cultivated in vitro. For this purpose, selection steps of endophytic fungi were performed prior to the incorporation of K. daigremontiana, from the endophytic isolate, using, as a selection of choice, its potential to produce isolated alternatives, selected by CHC in the medium of isolated prevention of CHC in the medium where the plant K. daigremontiana was cultivated, and evaluation of the chromatographic profile and the antimicrobial potential of the extracts obtained. Of the 15 of them isolated, 15 of them will be recovered in PDA medium. Among the 16 was selected, identified Alternaria alternata to its production potential, due to antioxidants. The incorporation of CHC from isolate 16 to the culture medium promoted the development of adventitious in the plants, the roots considered for the production of secondary metabolites. In the analysis of the products determined and determined by HPLC, the ethanol extracts obtained from the elicited in vitro cultivated plants were not obtained with the derived products only as proportions. Some were provided in vitro only on cultivated plants. Also, in the ethanol extract it was possible to identify a production of ferulic acid only in plants grown in vitro, in a plant grown in vivo, indicating that in vitro cultivation can activate the secondary metabolism of the species. The ethyl acetate extract of plants has two substances unique in vitro for this cultivation. The ethanolic extract of K. daigremontiana showed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, regardless of the condition of front cultivation, and the cultivation of cultivated plants elicited in vitro showed lower CMI value, with better results for E. coli, compared to S. aureus. In this way, the cultivation proved to be a viable alternative in growth and secondary micro metabolism results, leading to better antibiotic activity and promoting adventitious roots.