Os desafios para implementação de veículos elétricos no Brasil

Abstract

Initially, vehicles were powered by steam, electricity or gasoline. Due to the development of the oil industries, internal combustion vehicles prevailed for nearly a century. This has become a global matter due to the impact on the environmental from the combustion engines exhaust gases, hence several the car manufacturers are increasing their investments on the production of electric vehicles. That depends on batteries efficient and powerful, capable to powered up the EV. One of the challenges is to assure the autonomy of EV to travel long distances. However Brazilian investments in this area are still too small either in terms of tax incentives or fomenting research in this area. Currently, most of the models must be imported and this is expensive. Finally, an environmental analysis is carried out on the impacts caused by two classes of vehicles, which means, internal combustion and batterypowered electric. Although the electric vehicles do not generate gases that contribute to global warming during their operation, they present some controversial issues such as lithium-ion batteries that still have low recycling or reuse rates; and issues such as extraction of raw materials that can be toxic.