Comparação entre métodos delay-and-sum e f-k migration para reconstrução de imagens Doppler por ultrassom

Abstract

The medical ultrasound equipment is always evolving. In the field of Doppler imaging, which object movement and mainly blood flow of vessels can be measured, there are some techniques to improve image quality. The main problems of the Doppler technique are the complexity and the amount of data to be processed for the image reconstruction. The aim of this work was to evaluate two methods for Doppler images processing. Initially, studies were carried out with the traditional beamforming technique, generated by the research platform ULTRA-ORS in the ultrasound laboratory. Then, with the Verasonics Vantage™ equipment, it was generated ultrasound plane waves with a linear transducer L11-4v of 128 elements. Two Doppler phantoms were used, the CIRS Doppler String Phantom model 043 and the Doppler Flow Phantoms & Pumping Systems from ATS. Algorithms for B mode image reconstruction were developed in Matlab® using the methods Delay-and-Sum and f-k Migration to generate Color Doppler and Power Doppler images. The B mode images with plane-wave were generated from the data acquired with 1 to 75 angles, ranging from -8.88° to 8.88° and 0.24º step. The f-k migration’s results presented higher resolutions than DAS method, with errors of 1.0 % and 0.8 % for lateral and axial resolutions, respectively, while the DAS method presented errors of 12.0 % for lateral resolution and 10.0 % for axial resolution. The data for color Doppler images with plane-wave generation were acquired with 1 to 21 angles, ranging from -15.0° to 15.0°and 1.5° step. The Doppler velocity estimation using the DAS method showed better results (error of 8.3 %) than the f-k migration (error of 16.6 %). Analyzing the obtained results, it was possible to see that the plane wave imaging technique allows the improvement of the frame-rate, being faster than traditional methods. Additionally, it was verified that f-k migration method produces images with better quality using less steering angles, approximately 9 angles, but it shows worse performance when generating Doppler images.