Produção de copo-de-leite (Zantedeschia sp.) em diferentes substratos e condições de luminosidade

Abstract

Calla lily has been cultivated for flower cutting in several regions of Brazil, because it has leaves and inflorescences appreciated in the composition of decorations and floral arrangements. The objective of this work was to cultivate the calla lily rose under different shading meshes and combinations of substrates with respect to growth parameters and development and production of floral stems and tubers. The experiment was carried out at Horticulture teacjing and Research unit UTFPR / Campus Dois Vizinhos. The same was conducted in a 2x3 factorial scheme, with a delimitation to the case and seven replications. The treatments consisted in the combination of two substrates (commercial and mixture) and three shading meshes (black, reflective term and red). The mixture was composed of soil (50%), vermiculite (25%) and organic compound (25%). The bulbs of Zantedeschia sp. (pink spathe) were individually distributed in pots (18 L) containing the substrates, six centimeters deep. The pots were conditioned in a greenhouse, under shading meshes. Initially, the emergence of shoots was evaluated. The plant height, number (n) of shoots, number of leaves, number of floral stems per plant and stem length were evaluated at 77 days after planting. At the end of this experiment, the mass and diameter of the tubers were evaluated. Among the tested substrates, soil, vermiculite and organic compost mixtures promoted emergence of faster-growing sprouts, higher plant height growth, and increased production of flower stems. The size and accumulation of fresh mass of the calla lilies tubers were not differentially affected by the substrates tested. It was also verified that the reflective mesh produced positive responses both in the length of the floral stems and in the size and mass of tubers. However, the black mesh was superior only in the length of floral stems, causing the formation of bulbs with smaller mass and diameter. The red mesh, in turn, resulted in an inverse result to that observed in black, favoring the production of tubers.