Extração de concentrado proteico da pele de tilápia do Nilo por meio básico e ácido

Abstract

Nile tilapia is a very appreciated species and is produced in Brazil, but after its filleting (30%) large amounts of solid waste are generated (60 to 65%), and this generates losses sand greater impacts on the environment, requiring the use and a better final destination of these co-products. This work aimed to extract collagen from the skin of Nile tilapia, using and acid/base protocol methodology, varying the time and temperature in the extraction process. A 32 factorial design was elaborated having two main points, takin into account the temperature variation (5; 12.5; 20°C) and time (12, 24 and 36 hours) in three levels, generating 11 experiments. As answers, the crude protein content and the solubility of each experiment were determinated. For the protein analysis, it was possible to verify that the E5 (12.5°C/24h) and E8 (20°C/24h) assays were the ones that presented the highest (14.54 g/100g) and the lowest (11.84 g/100g) amount of protein, respectively. It was found that time and temperature did not influence the increase in protein content in the experiments studied. Regarding solubility, it was noted that ar pH values of 9 and 12 in some experiments there was an increase in solubility (E2 = 3.41 g/100g), however, they were also considered low in in most of the 11 experiment studied, but it is believed that this is due to the fact that the extracted and concentrated protein is collagen, which is a little or insoluble protein in water.