Análise de similaridade e levantamento de epífitas no fragmento florestal de Salto Chopim – São Jorge D’Oeste - Paraná

Abstract

The objective of this work was to survey species of the epiphytic community in several phorophytes in the forest fragment of Seasonal Semideciduous Forest (FES), with the chosen area being the community of Foz do Chopin located in the city of São Jorge d'Oeste, at the geographic coordinates of 25º36' 13''S and 53°4'43''W. Qualitative data were obtained through field collections carried out from November 2017 to March 2018, with fortnightly or monthly frequencies, seeking to cover as much of the forest area as possible. The specimens collected were identified using bibliographic material, exsiccates stored in the herbarium of the UTFPR in Dois Vizinhos, and the help of specialists. The information generated along with other surveys in Paraná served as the basis for the formulation of a similarity dendrogram, bringing together localities with species in common. A manual for the identification of epiphyte species was also carried out. This last material is intended to demonstrate the region's floristic diversity, as well as to assist other researchers in the area and serve as teaching material for the promotion of environmental education. 35 species of vascular epiphytes distributed in 21 genera and 9 families were sampled. Of the total species, 84% are angiosperms and 16% are pteridophytes. The most representative families in the survey were Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae, each with seven species each. The similarity analysis found very coherent groups, explained mainly by geographic proximity, as well as the type of forest physiognomy. It was found that the selected objectives were achieved, since a significant number of species were collected, providing a reading in which similarities were verified between the species in the present work and those of other surveysin the state of PR. It should also be noted that the variety of vascular epiphytes found contributes to the dissemination of this plant habit, and the manual created through the collection will help other researchers to identify and also the community in general that wishes to consult it.