Biofertilizante a base de ácido l-glutâmico associado a fungicidas no manejo de ferrugem da soja

Abstract

Soybean rust is the main leaf disease of the crop, demands high loads of fungicides, and with difficulties in control, due to the aggressiveness of the pathogen and loss of efficiency of the main fungicidal molecules, which represents high financial costs and environmental impact. The use of products with the ability to activate plant resistance is an alternative that adds to the management of diseases. Preliminary work has demonstrated the ability of the biofertant based on glutamic acid to activate defense routes in soybean culture. In this sense, the work sought to evaluate, if its defense activation capacity, already elucidated, when associated with fungicides results in synergism in reducing the disease and improving the efficiency of fungicide control. The work was carried out in the greenhouse of the Federal Technological University of Paraná - UTFPR, Dois Vizinhos Campus in the year 2020. There were 50 treatments, consisting of the control (without applications), biofertilizer based on glutamic acid (Vorax®), biofertilizer in association with multisite fungicides (mancozeb, chlorotalonil and copper oxychloride) and with specific sites ((Epoxiconazol, Fluxapirosade, Piraclostrobina, Azoxistrobina, Benzovindiflupir, Bixafen, Protioconazol, Trifloxistrobina, Fluxapirosade, Piraclostrobina, Picoxistrobina, Benzovindiflupir). The experimental design used was completely randomized, with 4 replications, with the experimental unit being 1 pot, containing 2 soybean plants. Three applications were carried out, initiated at the phenological stage V6 / R1 and the others at 15-day intervals. The variables evaluated were the incidence and severity of asian rust 15 days after the third application of fungicides. The results showed that the associated use of the glutamic acid-based biofertilizer with all fungicides improved its efficiency, reducing the severity of asian rust.