Equações de Maxwell no ensino médio: uma proposta de material didático temático

Abstract

Classical electromagnetism studies the unification among electric, magnetic and optical phenomena, and it is fundamentally based on the four Maxwell’s equations. Given the importance of these equations for the electromagnetic theory, this work presents a proposal of didactic material for its approach to the teaching of electromagnetism at high school level, based on experimental demonstrations. For this, analyses, in a qualitative way, the approach of the fundamental equations of electromagnetism in some high school textbooks, approved by the PNLD. Discusses about the importance of experimental activities to the physics teaching. Discusses about Chevallard’s theory of didactic transposition, didactic materials and didactic sequences. Concludes that the electromagnetism equations are little discussed in the high school physics textbooks and that experimental activities are essential for the comprehension of electromagnetic phenomena and the equations that describe them, as proposed in the developed didactic material.