Integração de processos para tratamento de efluente da indústria madeireira de produção de laminados: processos de oxidação avançada e biorremediação fúngica

Abstract

Due to the economic importance of the wood industry for the southern region of Brazil, combined with the potential impact of wastewater generated in the process of lamination of raw wood, studies on the characterization and treatment of these effluents are essential. In this context, this study aimed at the characterization and evaluation of the potential of a combination of treatment strategies for the removal of phenolic compounds, color and ecotoxicity of effluent from a wood laminate industry located in southwestern Paraná. The characterization of a sample of the effluent from the pine lamination of the species Pinus taeda L. collected confirmed the impacting potential of the effluent confirmed the potential impact of the effluent, with emphasis on the high content of phenolic compounds (1,530 ± 50 mg/L), color (2,159 ± 30 units), significant acute toxicity (63% mortality of A. salina) and low biodegradability (BOD/COD=0.53), which, if eventually released into receiving bodies, can cause irreversible and deleterious effects to the aquatic microbiota. The treatment strategies studied in this work were catalytic ozonation mediated by ferrous catalytic material based on steel scale and a biological process with fungi of the species Pleurotus florida, which were evaluated in an isolated (individual) way and sequentially integrated as follows: ozonation catalytic >> biological process and vice versa. As expected, the best results were obtained by applying the sequence "catalytic ozonation >> biological process", as a function of the pre-decomposition process of recalcitrant compounds by the chemical action of catalytic ozonation, which converted these compounds into biodegradables, this facilitated the action of the biological process and resulted in reductions of which resulted in reductions of 96.2% in soluble lignin concentrations, 93.3% in color units, more than 99% in total phenols reduction, in addition to a low mortality rate of Artemia Salina (≈10%). Isolated treatments performed by chemical or biological processes did not present satisfactory efficiency, suggesting that, in the integration of processes, the use of catalytic ozonation preliminarily to the biological process, presents greater advantages for the remediation of the effluent under study.