Avaliação qualitativa do potencial de contaminação de águas superficiais e subterrâneas por agrotóxicos na bacia do Alto Ivaí

Abstract

Pesticide residues are the second main source of contamination of watercourses in Brazil, behind only sanitary sewage. The pesticide trade in Brazil has been growing over the years, however, studies on the risks associated with its presence in the environment and its monitoring in the waters are still precarious. Thus, this study aimed to qualitatively assess the potential for pesticide contamination of surface and groundwater in the Alto Ivaí Basin, and counties with the greatest potential for monitoring these in water. The assessment of the potential for contamination of surface and groundwater was carried out through exploratory qualitative research, using the Goss Method, a screening methodology of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and the GUS Index (Groundwater Ubiquity Score ) Of the active ingredients obtained, which dissipate the potential for groundwater contamination were: dimethylamine salt of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D Amine); atrazine; 2,4-D; the acid equivalent of 2,4-D; thiamethoxam; imidacloprid; prothioconazole and azoxystrobin and those with potential for surface water contamination are: paraquat; prothioconazole; atrazine; diuron; lambda-cyhalothrin; thiamethoxam; imidacloprid, and azoxystrobin. Thus, considering that all active ingredients with potential for water contamination are in crops in the coverage area of the Alto Ivaí Basin, the importance of implementing collection and analysis points and the inclusion of these parameters in networks is observed monitoring to ensure water quality. In this context, 26 priority municipalities were listed for the implementation of water quality monitoring points about pesticide residues along the Alto Ivaí Basin. This research resulted in the preparation of a technical report containing the results obtained and the proposal of parameters and parameters for monitoring these residues in water in the basin region.