Um recorte sobre a educação em astronomia nas escolas municipais de Curitiba no contexto da formação e atuação de professores de ciências do ensino fundamental, de documentos oficiais nacionais, estaduais (Paraná) e das diretrizes curriculares municipais para educação em Curitiba

Abstract

This dissertation is developed under the theoretical axes Education in Astronomy and Teacher Training. The literature of the area points to the need for continuing education in the area of Astronomy Education for professionals who work in Science Teaching. Considering important the Education in Astronomy since the first years of formation in Elementary School, we investigated the official documents that deal with the Teaching of Sciences of this segment, trying to analyze how Astronomy is contemplated. A study was also carried out with a group of teachers from the municipal network of Curitiba, based on the analysis of an investigative questionnaire on the training, performance and expectations of an astronomy teaching material. The analysis of the official documents indicates that, in general, Astronomy is foreseen in the documents, and in some the indications are presented in more detail than in others. In particular in the municipal document of Curitiba, Astronomy is widely indicated since the first years of elementary school, and this tends to be a national trend with the coming of a new guiding document - the National Curricular Common Base. However, none of the documents deals with the teacher training that will be in the classroom developing the contents of these guidelines and / or basis. The research with the teachers corroborates with the literature of the area, indicating shortcomings in the initial formation and the need for continuous training in the area: teachers have little or no contact with astronomy disciplines (content or teaching methodology) in their initial formation and Continued. This research also contrasts with the official documents, as Astronomy seems to be worked in the classroom in only one year of elementary school. On the other hand, the teachers give evidence of a material of continuous formation that can come to collaborate with the Education in Astronomy in the municipal schools. All this research culminated in the elaboration of the product of this dissertation: a didactic guide of Astronomy, which presents some contents foreseen in the official document of the municipality, considering the expectations of the teachers for a didactic material that can aid in their continued formation and indications presented in Previous literature studies in the area. The material was designed in such a way to introduce some basic concepts foreseen in the official document of the municipality and to present opportunities of deepening to the teacher. The content is developed through interactive texts with images, videos, hyperlinks, exercises, indications of practical activities, complementary texts of cultural deepening and indications of virtual activities (through specific software).