Fundamentos de alocação ótima de capacitores em redes de distribuição para a regulação de tensão

Abstract

The installation of distribution systems promoted the growth of electricity availability, bringing more quality of life to people's daily lives. Even with technological advances aimed at improving the use of energy, we are still faced with excessive changes in network voltage causing them to interfere in the operation of some equipment. In order to avoid these losses and under voltages, over the years, several tools and equipment that minimize these problems have been presented. This research sought to present an alternative method for optimal allocation of capacitor banks in electrical distribution networks, with the objective of optimizing reactives with the best cost-benefit, seeking to reduce network losses and, mainly, adjust the voltage profile in the system so that stay at an acceptable level. For this, an algorithm based on the current sum method and another based on the gradient method was developed. The results obtained from these algorithms were compared to validate the proposed met hodology. It was found that even being different algorithms, both managed to solve the proposed problem. Since the sum of currents seeks to solve a problem immediately, that is, just raising the voltage to an acceptable level, and the gradient method offers an indirect answer, initially proposing an amount of reactives in each bar, but allowing for conclusions on the most suitable bar to receive a capacitor bank. Therefore, the two methods were validated as a solution to the mentioned problem.