Otimização da produção de lipases utilizando óleo de Passiflora Edulis

Abstract

As an ecological alternative to chemical processes, enzymes are used in food, pharmaceutical, textile, among others. Lipases are enzymes of great industrial interest, as they catalyze various reactions such as hydrolysis, transesterification, esterification, among others. These enzymes are produced by plants, animals and microorganisms as fungi. Nine isolates of the genus Botryosphaeria were studied and Botryosphaeria ribis EC-01 was the best lipases producer, grown in different vegetable oils and glycerol. The type of nutrient and concentration used affect directly enzyme production. Lipid sources are important inducers in lipase production. Agroindustrial residues such as passion fruit seeds can serve as substrates for lipase production due to the large availability and commercialization of this fruit. Thus, the objective of this work was to reuse these residues to produce lipases by B. ribis EC-01 using the seed and oil extracted from the passion fruit seeds. Two fermentative media were evaluated, one containing Vogel Salts Minimum Medium (VSMM) and the other just water. Factorial designs 23 with triplicate at center point (17 experiments) were developed to optimize the production of this enzyme using Passiflora edulis oil (0.5 to 1.5%, w/v), glycerol AG (1.3 to 4, 7%, w/v) and passion fruit seeds (0.5 to 5%, w/v). The responses evaluated were volumetric activity (U/mL) and activity per gram of dry substrate (U/gss). The addition of VSMM not favorable for this enzyme production. The predicted optimal condition was 30 U/mL when seed and oil concentrations were 3.8% (w/v) and 0.6% (w/v), respectively. In this model glycerol had a negative influence on production. While the predicted U/gss yield was 924 U/gss, when seed, glycerol and oil were 3% (w/v), 1.87% (w/v) and 0.9% (w/v), respectively. The present work demonstrated that the seeds and oil extracted from P. edulis seeds are viable as nutrients for lipase production by B. ribis EC­01 under submerged fermentation condition. This study adds value to these residues, as well as proposes an economical way to produce lipases by this fungus