Obtenção e caracterização química do óleo essencial da parte aérea de pitanga (Eugenia Uniflora): hidrodestilação e arraste a vapor de água

Abstract

Eugenia uniflora belongs to the Myrtaceae family, in Brazil it is known by a wide variety of popular names such as pitanga, pitangueira, Brazilian cherry, cayena cherry, ibitanga and pitangatuba. It is found in several states, such as Bahia, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul. This plant has several properties, antidiarrheal, anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic, antipyretic, hypotensive, diuretic, antifungal, antioxidant, antimicrobial, among others. The objective of this work was to obtain the essential oil from the aerial part of E. uniflora, using hydrodistillation and steam drag, in addition to chemical characterization by means of GC-MS of a sample obtained via steam drag. The results were treated by sharing the calculated Arithmetic Indices with those in the literature and their respective mass spectra. Three hydrogenated sesquiterpenes were identified, α-Neocallitopsene, (E)-iso-γ-Bisabolene and cis-Muurol-5-en-4-β-ol, 13 oxygenated sesquiterpenes and 4 signals were considered unidentified. The major compounds observed were: 5-epi-7-epi-α-Eudesmol, 10-epi-γ-Eudesmol, cis-Cadin-4- en-7-ol and 13-hydroxy-Valencene. This work contributes to essential oil industries by presenting the results of chemical composition from steam which is commonly used in large scale analyses, as well as the use of plant material from branches together with leaves.