Desenvolvimento de formulações de porcelanas para manufatura aditiva por jateamento de aglutinante

Abstract

The development of additive manufacturing (AM) has collaborated in several fields of science. Among the AM principles is the binder jetting, that although presents challenges in the formulating process of the deposition liquid and in the construction powder, is seen as being of greater flexibility for selection of new materials than other principles. Any powder material that can be deposited and bonded by means of a binder jet fluid can be used including gypsum, sand, metals, and ceramics. Although there are several studies involving ceramic and binder jetting processing, there are still rare researches that aim to construct physical models of porcelain. In this work, it is proposed to ally the advantages presented by AM by the binder jetting principle with the use of the 3D Printing technique (3DP), to the potential of the use of raw materials obtained from porcelain formulations. With this technique, the part obtained is called green piece, and must be strong enough to withstand the stresses that occur during cleaning. For this, dextrin was chosen to act as a binding agent responsible for conferring resistance to green piece. The objective of this study was to develop formulations of ceramic materials in the form of powder to be processed by AM through binder jetting, capable of generating physical models classified as porcelain. Two ceramic formulations were proposed to be tested, one of siliceous porcelain and another of aluminous porcelain. The studied process parameters were the saturation levels of the jetting of the liquid binder and the temperatures of the firing levels. The results showed the feasibility of the use of the principle of binder jetting and the use of dextrin solutions as a liquid binder for the manufacture of ceramic bodies classified as porcelain, being successful in the processing of the siliceous porcelain formulation. Ceramic bodies with water absorption percentages and apparent porosity close to zero were produced, consistent with typical porcelain properties.