O estado da arte quanto à utilização de veículos aéreos não tripulados para o levantamento de defeitos superficiais em pavimentos

Abstract

Surface defects in road pavements are a concern that has an economic, safety and comfort to users. Traditional methods of surveying such defects are expensive, time-consuming, block traffic and pose risks to the technicians involved. Therefore, and seeking to take advantage of new emerging technologies, such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), researchers and teaching and research institutions have been working to develop methods of applying these technologies to survey surface defects in pavements, seeking an optimization the time and financial resources involved in this process. Because there are countless academic researches relating to topics such as UAVs and Surface Defects of Pavements, the realization of a bibliographic study on this theme is important, since researches of this nature are fundamental and present in a summarized academic work the proposed theme, showing when, how and with what methods and materials academic work is being done. Therefore, this work seeks to answer these questions through a bibliographic review on research involving themes related to the use of UAVs for the identification of surface defects in pavements. The techniques and methodologies involved in these researches are discussed and the main results and possible gaps in such works are presented. In general, some results have shown promise, with a high percentage of correct defects such as cracks, pans and patches. It also highlights some difficulties in relation to the algorithms used and UAV methods in the practice of Pavement Management.