Desenvolvimento de uma fresadora CNC para a confecção de placas de circuito impresso

Abstract

A printed circuit board is a basic component in electronics, which provides a mechanical substrate for the electronic components of the circuit and makes possible the contact between these devices due its copper tracks. Its manufacturing is often made by chemical process that involves the use of products with high oxidizing power, what can also cause damage to parts that not even touch the substance. Such solutions, after a considerable usage time, end up being unsuitable for corrosion and are, in many cases, discarded in inappropriate locations, contaminating the environment. This work proposes the development of a CNC milling machine that prints circuit boards through a physical process. It is presented the design, development and validation of this milling machine. The design is based on CNC milling machines already offered on the market. In the development, it is presented the five implemented systems: Graphical interface, processing, actuators, mechanical and power supply. The first system is the development of a graphical interface to interpret the Gerbers files and to pass it to the electronic system of the CNC milling machine. The processing system is intended to indicate a microcontroller for conditioning the received data of the GUI and sensors. The actuator system includes sizing the motor and the development of driver plates. In the mechanical system, it is determined the material of the structure and the specifications of machine elements. In the power supply system, it is determined the voltages system, as well as the power supply model to be used. Finally, a circuit-board layout is designed in a CAD program and printed with the CNC milling machine in order to validade the project.