Influência de locais de cultivo e condições de armazenamento sobre o potencial fisiológico de sementes de soja

Abstract

Soybean is one of the most economically important crops in the world and because it is a determining factor in production, seeds must have good quality. The cultivation environment and place where the seeds are stored can influence their physiological quality, therefore the objective of this work was to characterize soybean cultivars regarding the physiological potential of the seeds produced in two cultivation places and stored in different environments over time. The experiment was conducted in the 2017/2018 in Abelardo Luz - SC and Medianeira – PR. 14 soybean cultivars were used and the experimental design used was in randomized blocks, with three replications. The samples were stored for 0, 60, 120 and 180 days in a cold room and shed, for later analysis of physiological quality. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and for qualitative factors, averages were compared using the Tukey test with a 5% probability of error and for the quantitative factor, regression adjustment was performed. According to the analysis of variance, there was a significant difference for all variables. Considering the interaction between storage condition and production site, the Abelardo Luz - SC production site showed superior results for both germination and accelerated aging. The results obtained in relation to the germination variable taking into account the condition and the storage time of the seeds indicated that seeds stored in a cold chamber showed a longer longevity, remaining above 80% during the 180 days of storage. The results for accelerated aging showed a reduction in soybean seed vigor during the storage period. The results also indicated the sharp drop in vigor of the seeds produced in Medianeira - PR, over the storage period, mainly when stored in a shed, where the results of all cultivars stored (180 days), were less than 60%. Soybean seeds from the region of Abelardo Luz - SC, provided a greater maintenance of physiological quality when compared to Medianeira - PR. The best storage environment for soybean seeds on the physiological quality of seeds, was when stored in a cold chamber and over the time of storage the seeds showed a decrease in physiological quality.