Caracterização espectroscópica de substratos empregados na produção de cogumelos Psilocybe cubensis

Abstract

In general, mushrooms have been used for thousands of years by the food and pharmaceutical industry. Among the different types, there is a class called hallucinogenic mushrooms, which have been used in religious rituals and by healers, in countries like Brazil, Guatemala and Mexico. The first scientific description of these fungi was made by Wasson in 1957, and later research related to them grew. In view of the growing scientific interest in mushrooms, a comparative study was carried out in this work, using spectroscopic techniques coupled with statistical tools, of the substrates, cattle ranch and homemade substrate (PFTek-bolo) used in the cultivation of fin mushroom, Psilocybe cubensis, seeking to evaluate its composition. In the characterization, infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used, and these techniques were treated with statistical analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). The FTIR spectra showed qualitative similarities between the substrates, however from the PCA it was possible to determine that the manure samples and the PFtek-bolo, differ significantly in the analyzes of the FTIR and SEM, thus being able to provide variations regarding the development of the mushrooms.