Estudo da eficiência de sistemas construtivos em obra residencial

Abstract

Due to the broad search for cost and efficiency reductions, civil construction managers are increasingly looking for new construction methods. In Brazil, these new construction systems have increasingly gained space, mainly for the construction of Social Interest Housing or commonly known as popular housing. Therefore, this study aims to study the cost efficiency of the four main construction systems: conventional, structural masonry, Steel Framing and Wood Frame, to compare the costs of these construction systems, in the construction of the same low income single-family house. For this, budget spreadsheets were elaborated and the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methodology was used, which makes it possible to analyze the comparative efficiency between the Decision Making Units (DMUs). Thus, it was found that, in relation to the total cost of the work, the construction system that presented the lowest cost was Structural Masonry and the highest was Steel Framing. Considering only the costs of materials and equipment, the system that presented the best result was Structural Masonry. However, the DEA method demonstrated that the most efficient system in relation to materials and equipment was the conventional system. Regarding labor, the system that was more efficient and had the lowest cost was Wood frame. Therefore, it appears that each construction system has its particularities, leaving the manager in charge of decision-making on which system will be able to offer the best cost benefit for his/her reality.