Análise do impacto de diferentes protocolos de comunicação e topologias físicas no consumo de energia em redes de sensores sem fio

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks have become a major player in the monitoring of harsh environments due to their great versatility in the use of different protocols and technologies to adapt to different monitoring environments. A major factor for the success of this technology in monitoring those places is its ability to reduce energy use, só it is not necessary to change the batteries, thus increasing the life of the sensors. In this work, the different components of a wireless sensor network that can be used to increase the life of a node through energy savings, will be analyzed. For this, different communication protocols (LoRa, Wi-Fi, ZigBee) are analyzed and compared through simulation to determine which one has the best performance. According to the results and due to the higher Wi-Fi consumption compared to the others, the recommendation is to choose ZigBee using a hybrid topology with the Xbee and Xbee Pro module. This protocol offers a balance in power consumption and compatibility with protocols and topologies, without compromising the integrity of the network in the event of loss of one of the nodes.