Análise de desempenho do protocolo LEACH com ênfase na divisão de grupos e localização dos sensores

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are essential technological components for modernized society. Its function of receiving and transmitting data to each other through radio waves, not requiring the use of cabling, enables constant transmission, access and control of information in regions where other networks are not viable, such as remote areas or with high traffic of people . However, energy consumption is one of the main problems with wireless sensors; due to the fact that they are small and simple devices that work by capturing information without needing constant human supervision, and do not have the ability to recharge, requiring the replacement of a sensor when its energy runs out, causing it to shorten sensor’s lifetime and promoting possible problems in data transmissions on the network. The LEACH protocol, itself, is a system for hierarchical routing which groups of sensors are formed, where some of them are elected to perform the head function periodically, in order to minimize the energy consumption of the sensors in general. The respective protocol was used to simulate the amount of energy dissipation in two environments, which are, one with part sensors arranged at random and another with sensors strategically organized. The results obtained demonstrates that not only LEACH, but also knowing the range of the sensors and the environment in which they are arranged helps in the energy consumption of these sensors.