Práticas pedagógicas no ensino de controle biológico de insetos-praga em sistemas agroecológicos

Abstract

The Pedagogia de Alternância e as Casas Familiares Rurais [Alternation Pedagogy and Rural Family Houses] seek, from the reality of familiar/country agriculture, the integral formation of the subject (the rural man) and learning-teaching improvement, connecting the knowledge to doing, empirical and theoretical knowledge, work and study. Biological Control of pest-insects in agriculture is an alternative to reduce and even substitute the use of chemical and synthetic pesticides, has been earning space as an efficiently and ecofriendly alternative. However, such knowledge is still not very widespread among rural producers. In this context, the agriculture education and formation becomes a fundamental tool for constructing a new paradigm and model of sustainable agricultural production. Therefore, the objective of this work was to promote the dissemination of scientific and technical knowledge to students of the rural family home, in Entomology and Biological Control of pest-insects area, through theoretical and practical lessons. The research was carried out in a country school, Casa Familiar Rural (CFR - Rural Family House), in São Jorge D’Oeste, with 21 students between 15 and 19 years of age enrolled in the second and third year of Agroecology Technical Course. The methodology focused on methodological pluralism which emphasis the use of different didactic modalities. The research was developed through qualitative, quantitative and evaluative research through pre-and post-questionnaire analysis. The work was developed in four distinct stages: application of a semi-structured pre-questionnaire; Entomology and Biological Control theoretical class; practical class at the Entomology Laboratory; Biological Control theoretical class and application of a post-questionnaire. The use of different didactic pedagogical methodological tools in the teaching-learning process as an expository dialogued class, discussions and illustrations, the three pedagogical moments and practical class allowed the participants to make good application of the subjects of Entomology and Biological Control of pest-insects. Comprehension of proposed themes and content was noticed, as well as a change in the participants’ perception and social representations related to insects. Thus, methodological pluralism is the most appropriate tool to teach Entomology and Biological Control of pest-insects.