Instrumentos de pesquisa baseados na teoria das necessidades de Maslow: avaliação teórica

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the theoretical scope of research instruments based on Maslow's Theory of Human Needs, developed from 1990 to 2020. The study was characterized as exploratory, qualitative and bibliographic. The data were analyzed using the content analysis technique previously selected for this Thesis. The research corpus is composed of 138 articles, ordered by Methodi Ordinatio, a methodology that guides the search, selection, collection and classification of scientific articles. During the collection, it was found that the origin of the studies was concentrated in 41 countries, with the largest scientific producer standing out, the USA with 29% and China 9.4%. In this observation, it was clear the predominance of the adult public with 30.5% and workers 21.7% of those surveyed.The articles belong to four areas of knowledge, the two with the highest representation are Health Sciences 39.9% and Humanities 35.5%. Publications were 51% in journals with an impact factor (JCR-2019). The 138 studies used 145 research instruments based on Maslow's Theory, of which 12.4% were not submitted to validation and internal reliability processes. It was identified that 19 studies were grouped theoretically, 5 of them with Herzberg's Theory of Two Factors (1959).There were 99 analyzes of relationships with other relevant themes, highlighting the Satisfaction with Life Scales and Five Personality Traits. It is concluded that the hierarchical structure of the 5 levels of 1943 was used in 78,6% of the instruments researched in this study. However, the predominant theoretical basis 46,2% was the work Motivation and Personality from 1954 (in 3 editions). Thus, 11 instruments were located that used the hierarchical structures of 7 and 8 levels and 20 studies that investigated the sub-needs related to Maslow's Theory.