Análise do desempenho térmico de containers com e sem tratamento

Abstract

The reuse of disused maritime containers for civil construction generates savings of natural resources compared to other constructive method, considerably reduces the rubbish produced in a construction site and also prevents such a noble material as steel from becoming garbage occupying and polluting the soil. However, for a container to be used in residential buildings, it needs to be adapted in order to provide thermal performance required by NBR 15575 (2013). The objective of this work was to test and evaluate the thermal performance of three types of insulation by means of experimental measurements. For laboratory tests, three minis containers were assembled on the scale of 1/10 m, in which they were covered with thermal insulation, being Rocha wool, PET wool and glass wool plus gypsum plaster. To obtain the maximum temperatures was used a wooden box heated with a greenhouse lamp, and for minimum temperatures the system used was a freezer of the horizontal type. Temperature measurements were taken every 10 minutes at a 2-hour interval for 10 times for each material tested. When evaluating each material it was verified that they present a good thermal behavior for both the maximum and minimum temperatures and meet the norms established by the Brazilian Association of Technical Norms as for the thermal performance for residential buildings. For comparison purposes, a mini container with no heat treatment was also tested. These analyzes showed the extreme necessity of the use of adequate thermal insulation, since the results obtained through the conduction heat transfer equations proved that the thermal resistance of the steel is very small, allowing the external heat flow to go through the envelope of the building resulting in abrupt heating or cooling, causing thermal discomfort and thus failing to the standards set by the standard.