Zoneamento da bacia do Paraná 3 por meio da equação de perda de solo

Abstract

Paraná 3 watershed is in the western mesoregion of Paraná, between latitudes 24º 01 'S and 25º 35' S and longitudes 53º 26 'W and 54º 37' W and presents more than 70% of its area used for intensive agriculture. The occurrence of accelerated erosion has been widely recognized as an environmental problem related to its use for agricultural practices and may therefore have its productive capacity compromised. Such erosion processes not only promote the loss of fertile soil, but also bring changes in river’s geomorphology, increasing the cost of water treatment for water supply and shortening the useful life of reservoirs. In this way, this work aims the zoning of Paraná 3 watershed. For this purpose, the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) will be used, with hydrological and cartographic data. For the integration of the factors and generation of the maps it will be used a geographic information tool (GIS), called QGis. All the information and software used are free sources, which makes it possible to repeat the study in an accessible way. As a result, the area of each zone was obtained as 4.61% of zone 1, 3.43% of zone 2, 38.38% of zone 3, 38.14% of zone 4 and 15.43% of zone 5. The large area of zone 3 is highlighted, which is the region focused on recovering the already degraded soil.