Otimização da extração de compostos bioativos em Camu-Camu (Myrciaria dubia) utilizando variados solventes

Abstract

Plants and fruits present in nature are important sources of vitamins, minerals and bioactive compounds. With the increase in the number of free radical diseases, the search for antioxidante contained in foods and plants is growing. Camu Camu is a native fruit of the Amazon rainforest belonging to the Myrtaceae family with great antioxidant potential, having vitamins, phenolic compounds, anthocyanins and other antioxidants. The evaluation of the antioxidant capacity of the fruit, determination of phenolic compounds, flavonoids and anthocyanins was evaluated through an experimental design 2³ aiming to optimize the extraction process, reducing errors, number of trials and ensuring quality. The antioxidant potential was evaluated by the DPPH and FRAP method based on oxidative reduction and free radical sequestration. In the other hand, the content of phenolic compounds will be evaluated by the Folin-Ciolcateu method by UV-vis spectroscopy, and also the content of flavonoids and anthocyanins by UV-vis spectrometry. All analyzes were perfomed from an experimental design of mixtures with three solvents, totaling at the end seven different extracts to be evaluated, with the central point performed in triplicate, at the end of the analysis the data were evaluated using the Statistica software and was performed. response surface modeling, obtaining contour diagrams and extract optimization. Ethanol was the best extraction solvent for anthocyanins and the second best for flavonoids, while for phenolic compounds the best extraction occurs with the mixture of the three solvents. For FRAP and DPPH water is the most outstanding solvent, noting that whenever it is present alone or in mixture there are more interactions, besides water, the mixture of the three solvents also obtained significant and high values. At the end of the work it was possible to prove the high levels of antioxidants in Camu-Camu and it is also possible to optimize most of the responses, especially in relation to the literature. Because each answer obtained a different desirability equation, it would’nt be possible to optimize all of them.