Processo de degradação dos componentes utilizados em distribuidores rotativos instalados nas estações de tratamento de esgoto

Abstract

A Sewer Treatment Station is a site severely affected by the phenomena of corrosion and degradation of the materials, due to the environment in which it is inserted and to the vast amount, of contaminants present in the wastewater. The understanding of these processes of deterioration of materials and relating them to wastewater represent a technological advance in the area. In this sense, the present work sought to study the materials used in a mechanical equipment used in Sewer Treatment Stations, the rotary distributor of the aerobic percolator biological filter. The materials studied to analyze the deterioration were: 1010 carbon steel, stainless steel, galvanized steel and CPVC. The samples were installed at the stations next to the biological filter and in a certain period of time they were removed and analyzed their mass losses with chemical cleaning. The surface layer was visualized by scanning electron microscope and its composition by X-ray spectroscopy by dispersion in energy. The sludge crust that formed on the surface of the samples was evaluated by the X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence technique, in order to identify the main deteriorating agents that act on the corrosion of the material. To evaluate the polymer the Fourier, transform infrared spectroscopy technique was adopted. The Vickers micro hardness was used to evaluate the mechanical resistivity of the metallic materials in their cross-section. The results showed that the galvanized steel loses its protective layer, the 1010 carbon steel has the characteristics of generating many irregular incrustations, the 304 stainless steel presented small loss of initial mass and remained stable compared to other metals and the CPVC presented breaks in its connections due UV radiation. The option would be to combine the mechanical properties of 304 stainless steel with the corrosion resistance of CPVC. The combination of these materials in the design of new projects has been the purpose of increasing the useful life of the equipment used in ETEs, providing the necessary technological innovation and evolution in this sector.