As políticas habitacionais de São José dos Campos, o déficit habitacional e a inadequação de moradias do município

Abstract

The housing problem in Brazil arises from a historical past of the absence of effective public housing policies by the government. Living is a human right and a necessity; however, in 2017 the Brazilian housing deficit pointed to a deficiency of 7.77 million homes. Understanding what housing deficit means is the problem of this study, especially in the city of São José dos Campos, which despite good rates presents inequalities. Located between two important capitals of the country, in addition to easy access to ports and railways, with a very high Municipal Human Development Index, in 2020 it is considered the 4th best city to live in. Given this scenario and considering the social and economic characteristics of São José dos Campos, the work aims to contribute to the housing theme, with the general objective of analyzing the impact of the city’s public housing policy on the municipality’s housing deficit. Conceptualize housing deficit, describe public housing policy in Brazil and São José dos Campos and analyze the impact of these policies on the city’s deficit. The research is qualitative; the data were collected through bibliographic and documentary means. Initially, the history of public housing policy in Brazil is approached, followed by the concept of housing deficit and, therefore, there is a description of general and historical characteristics of São José dos Campos and the city’s housing policy is also presented. With the analysis of the data it was found that one of the main contributions of the research resides in the understanding by the public management of the characteristics of the housing deficit in the region, such as São José dos Campos, which has a higher volume of inadequacy of the households or also considered a qualitative deficit as a result of the development of the city and the distribution of housing assistance in peripheral regions. Winning the challenge depends on the integration of public policies aimed at providing everyone with the right to the city, since having a home is not enough, it must also be worthy.