Remoção de corantes de efluentes industriais utilizando hidrogéis

Abstract

You do not have a specific date to name the use of dyes, since there are reports of ancient civilizations that were using such compounds. Currently, the textile industries have shown a high growth in recent years, and the greater the largest production is the disposal of waste, which can occur inappropriately directly in the rivers of waters in lakes. Discharges of effluents in rivers and lakes are a serious environmental problem, since such disposal may modify or even terminate the fauna and flora present in these places. Aiming to many new technical solution to this problem have been developed, it is possible to classify them into chemical, physical and biological techniques. While chemical techniques are based on chemical processes, for example, (i) the electrochemical treatment, (ii) Fenton reagent and (iii) treatment with ozone, the physical techniques are those which are based on interactions such as e.g., adsorption occurs that requires the interaction between adsorbent and the compounds to be adsorbed. Since biological processes involve the use of yeast and bacteria for the degradation of dyes present in the effluent. Evaluating such treatment processes it was observed that hydrogels can be used as substrates for wastewater treatment, because these have good capacity for absorbing aqueous solution, or can absorb compounds are solubilized in water. Thus we study hydrogels based compounds chitosan, starch, collagen, poly (vinyl alcohol) and poly (acrylic acid), evaluating it with hydrogel which has more effect on wastewater treatment.Through the proposed mixtures for the formation of collagens and chitosan based hydrogels, it can be observed that the mixtures presented a good degree of swelling due to the presence of functional groups interacting with water. In this way the use of hydrogels can be an alternative for the treatment of effluents, since these can suck dyes present in aqueous solution.