Capacidade de carga, sintomas musculoesqueléticos e classificações posturais na atividade de costureiras

Abstract

The aim of this study was to find correlation between the positions taken and their risk posture, pain and / or musculoskeletal symptoms and the load capacity of seamstresses on the industry of clothing in the city of Ponta Grossa, Paraná. The sample consisted of seamstresses female. The problem that can be seen to this research focuses: How postures and grip strength applied and used at work, affect the symptoms of pain and musculoskeletal symptoms in workers in clothing industries? The theoretical framework was based on: textile industry, the clothing industry characteristics, ergonomics, posture, the effects caused in seated posture, spine and sitting posture, ergonomic evaluation, postural analysis of assessment methods, evaluation of musculoskeletal symptoms and assessing their location and load capacity. Regarding the methodological approach, the research is classified as qualitative and quantitative, descriptive and lifting. The research was conducted in five companies in the garment manufacturing industry, totaling 57 seamstresses. The instruments used for data collection were questionnaires, interviews, the REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) method for assessment of attitudes, the Diagram Corlett and Manenica to the location of pain in the body segments and intensity and dynamometer to measure the force handgrip. The average score in REBA sample method was 4.75 (0.46). Most seamstresses (80.70%) replied that he has pain in a body part, or upper limbs or lower, and only 19.30% of the sample said no discomfort. The body segments that seamstresses sample did not experience pain were: the basin, the left arm, right forearm and right wrist. Regarding the upper limbs, which showed greater account of pain was a lumbar region, with 40.35%. The second area of greatest pain is the cervical, with 36.84%, followed by the middle coast region with 24.56%. The fourth area was the neck, with 22,80% and the fifth was the upper coast, with 17.54%. Regarding the lower limbs, the biggest complaint was pain in the legs, with 56.14%, compared to 5.26% in the thighs. The average load capacity of seamstresses, measured by grip strength was 24.7 kilograms (5.81). The results of the correlations between the three variables: posture, pain and load capacity had weak or no correlation because the correlation between posture and pain was absent, and the correlations between posture and pain and between pain and cargo capacity were r: 0017. Following the work of seamstresses, it observed that the main stances adopted during the working day can contribute to the development of musculoskeletal injuries.