Análise da vulnerabilidade ambiental da Bacia do Rio das Flores - Oeste de Santa Catarina

Abstract

The west region of Santa Catarina State was colonized based on the extraction of natural resources, without planning or adequate knowledge of environmental conditions found in the natural environment. Environmental planning is a tool that can contribute valuably in the development of a determined region, considering the security and protection of areas with more fragile environments, as well as delimitation of regions with greater potential for use of natural resources. This study aimed to evaluate the environmental vulnerabilities from Rio das Flores Watershed, located in the west region of Santa Catarina State, in order to establish actions and limitations on land use, serving as a baseline study for environmental planning. The methodology was developed based on studies performed previously by Crepani (2001), with the assignment of weights through the AHP method (SAATY, 1980). The results show Rio das Flores Watershed presents an area of 702.9 km², of which 0.1% is considered vulnerable; 18.1% moderately vulnerable; 60% median stable/vulnerable; 21.3% moderately stable; and 0.6% stable. Additionally, land occupational scenarios were created, resulting in the following theory: if all the land was urbanized or with soil exposure, would be characterized as being 25.7% vulnerable; 71.6% moderately vulnerable; 2.7 median stable and/or vulnerable; 0% moderately stable; and 0% stable. Finally, five action proposals with reactive or preventive features were established, aiming to reduce the environmental vulnerability of the watershed.