Desenvolvimento e implementação de bioimpressora 3D para engenharia de tecidos

Abstract

The principle of a 3D printer is the opposite of subtractive manufacturing, as is the case with a CNC, in which manufacturing is based on removing material to shape an object. 3D printing is a manufacturing method with the ability to create complex geometries using less material when compared to more traditional manufacturing methods. Tissue engineering has been envisioning the use of 3D printing technology in research and in advancing the frontier of knowledge, however cell culture laboratories face risks of contamination inherent in the exchange of the culture medium as well as the contamination of the medium by incorrect asepsis in handling. In this dissertation, a 3D bioprinting platform concept is presented that innovates in adding the function of changing the culture medium without human interaction during the cultivation period. The development and construction process was based on the models studied, resulting in inspiration and innovation for this research. The project uses materials and surface treatment that facilitate the cleaning and asepsis of the equipment. Its cabinet follows a design that prioritizes rounded corners to minimize the risk of contamination. The open source software used in the bioprinter receives a programmed function to control and manage the exchange of the culture medium, being automatic and controlled remotely. Simulations with the platform, in the laboratory, present satisfactory results in terms of changing the medium, capable of a volumetric error in the dosage being less than 1% under operating conditions.