Taxa de infiltração de água em solos urbanos e rurais sob diferentes situações no município de São Lourenço do Oeste – SC

Abstract

Considering the importance of preserving and encouraging the increase of permeable areas, both in urban areas and in rural areas, this study had the objective of performing physical and chemical analyzes and evaluation of water infiltration in the soil by means of the infiltrameter method ring, comparing an urban and a rural soil, both exposed and covered by grasses, under two different conditions (dry and humid), performing a subsequent evaluation of the water absorption behavior of these soils with the IDF curves of the region. The research was carried out in the city of São Lourenço do Oeste, following the ring infiltrator method, which consists of the use of two metal rings, the largest with 40 cm in diameter and a smaller ring with 20 cm in diameter, both with 30 cm of height. For each test the infiltration for 60 minutes was analyzed in the internal cylinder with the aid of the graduated ruler and stopwatch, annotated after each centimeter of infiltration. Analyzing the results, it was observed that as in the tests in which the soil was previously dry and in the tests with humid soil, the infiltration was lower in the soil covered by grass in the urban area, and the greater infiltration occurred in the rural area, occurring more intensely in the exposed soil. Observing the infiltration rate in the previously dry and humid soil, the infiltration was greater with the moist soil. Analyzing the IDF curves for the municipality of the region, most of the conditions in which the soils were exposed were shown to be able to absorb more than usually it rains in the region, for a time of return of 5 years. Only in the soil water infiltration test exposed with dry soil in the rural area and in the soil test covered by grass with previously wet soil also in the rural area. With this study, it is possible to perceive the importance of occupancy and adequate soil management in order to increase the permeable areas, to reduce the degree of soil compaction and to avoid runoff causing soil losses, both in the urban area, and in rural areas.