Perspectivas das energias renováveis e não renováveis nas matrizes energéticas e elétricas

Abstract

This paper deals with issues related to energy security and discusses energy diversification, based on the fact that the present world energy matrix is founded on petroleum and its derivatives, which unbalances the diversification of energy sources and is the main generator of greenhouse effect gases, worsening global warming and leading to the occurrence of increasingly extreme and frequent climatic events. Energy is a conditioning factor for socioeconomic development, and meeting energy demand while protecting the environment is one of the paradigms for current and future generations. In this sense, the diversification of the energy matrix with the insertion of renewable energy sources is essential in the strategic planning for the security of the energy supply in a sustainable way. This change of trajectory is possible, but it entails technological advances, in order to have systems with lower rates of energy waste in the conversion process, expansion of the transmission and distribution network infrastructure, and the implementation of political incentives for the business environment, making it more attractive to potential investors in the field of renewable energy.